Marys Medicine

Treatment of vitiligo with broadband ultraviolet b and vitamins

Pharmacology and therapeutics
Treatment of vitiligo Don et al.
depression. Although there are many therapeutic alternatives validated by clinical studies, such as PUVA, corticosteroids, Broadband UVB halted the progression of vitiligo in all nine or surgical techniques, the search for a more effective treat- patients and in general induced repigmentation after 8–12 ment continues.
treatments (6 – 8 weeks) ( Table 1). After 2–10 months oftreatment, all nine patients experienced significant repigmen-tation: 51–75% in some areas and 76 –100% in other areas( Figs 1–3). Similar to other therapeutic modalities, broad-band UVB induced follicular, marginal, and homogeneousforms of repigmentation. Maximal responses were obtainedon the trunk, and on the proximal and distal extremities, andintermediate responses were obtained on the face, neck, hands,and feet. The side-effects were minimal and included milderythema, mild pruritis, reactivation of Herpes Simplex Virus(HSV), and folliculitis (mineral oil induced).
Vitiligo is a common disease that affects 0.5–2% of the popu-lation, causing emotional distress, social isolation, and even Figure 2 Repigmentation on the arm of patient 1
Figure 1 Repigmentation on the face of patient 1
Figure 3 Repigmentation on the arm of patient 3
Table 1 Broadband UVB treatment for vitiligo, with raw data for nine patients
Duration
Hands /feet
BSA, body surface area; NI, not involved.
International Journal of Dermatology 2006, 45, 6 3 –65
2005 The International Society of Dermatology Don et al.
Treatment of vitiligo Pharmacology and therapeutics
Similar to PUVA treatment, the underlying mechanism of out success. Until more extensive studies have confirmed our repigmentation following UVB exposure is probably related results, we will confine our conclusions to stating that broad- both to an inhibitory effect on cytotoxic T lymphocytes and band UVB is not only readily available, but also at least as to a release of cytokines involved in melanocyte migration effective in treating vitiligo as 311-nm UVB in this small study.
and proliferation.7 The effect of UVA and UVB stimulationand migration of melanocytes from follicules also contributesto repigmentation.2,4 Broadband UVB, however, has numerous advantages com- 1 Lepoole IC, Van Den Wijngaard R, Westerhof W, et al. pared to PUVA and may offer an alternative for patients who Presence or absence of melanocytes in vitiligo lesions: an cannot tolerate or who have failed treatment with PUVA.
immunohistochemical investigation. J Inv Dermatol 1993; Broadband UVB has fewer side-effects (no photoallergic or 100: 816 – 822.
phototoxic reactions were seen) and the use of psoralen is no 2 Grimes PE. Vitiligo: an overview of therapeutic approaches. longer required. Broadband UVB induced repigmentation Dermatol Clin 1993; 11: 325 –338.
after 8 –12 treatments (6 – 8 weeks). In a previous report,3 3 Westerhof W, Nieuweboer-Krobotova L. Treatment of narrowband UVB had the same effect after 6 weeks (12 vitiligo with UVB radiation versus topical psoralen plus UVA. Arch Dermatol 1997; 133: 1525 –1528.
The decision to supplement the patients with high-dose 4 Njoo MD, Bos JD, Westerhof W. Treatment of generalized vitamins was based on the previous successful experiences of vitiligo in children with narrowband (TL-01) UVB radiation
therapy. J Am Acad Dermatol 2000; 42: 245 –253.
associating adjunctive therapies with short-term UVB8 and on 5 Lotti TM, Menchini G, Andreassi L. UV-B radiation a number of studies9,10 that showed improvement of vitiligo microphototherapy: an elective treatment for segmental when treated with vitamin supplementation, especially in vitiligo. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 1999; 13: 102–108.
sun-exposed areas. The exact role of vitamins has yet to be 6 Koster W, Wiskemann A. Phototherapy with UVB in elucidated. It is not known whether vitiligo patients lack suf- vitiligo. J Hautkr 1990; 65: 1022–1024.
ficient vitamin levels or whether the higher dose of vitamins 7 Fitzpatrick TB. Mechanisms of phototherapy of vitiligo. somehow acts to stimulate repigmentation.
Arch Dermatol 1999; 133: 1591–1592.
The possibility of vitamin deficiency has been debated in 8 Schallreuter KU, Wood JM, Lemke KR, et al. Treatment of previous research.9,10 In our study, vitamin levels prior to treat- vitiligo with a topical application of pseudocatalase and ment were not assessed. Patient 9, who was breast-feeding, calcium in combination with short-term UVB exposure: a did not take the high-dose vitamins during 4 months of case study on 33 patients. Dermatology 1995; 190: 223 –
229.
therapy and had minimal repigmentation but no progression 9 Juhlin L, Olsson MJ. Improvement of vitiligo after oral of vitiligo. When she stopped breast-feeding she began vitamin treatment with vitamin B and folic acid and the importance therapy, and, after 8 weeks on UVB therapy and vitamins, she of sun exposure. Acta Dermatol Venereol 1997; 77: 460 –
began showing significant repigmentation. Other studies using either narrowband or broadband UVB for repigmentation 10 Montes LF, Diaz ML, Lajous J, et al. Folic acid and vitamin did not use vitamin supplementation and still reported repig- B in vitiligo: a nutritional approach. Cutis 1992; 50: 39 –
mentation.3,4 Our patients were all skin types III–IV as were patients treated in previous reports who improved with UVB.
11 Srinivas CR, Shenoi SD, Balachandran C. Acceleration of Patients with these skin types may have better responses using repigmentation in vitiligo by topical minoxidil in patients on this therapy, as has been found with PUVA therapy.2 photochemotherapy. Int J Dermatol 1990; 25: 154 –155.
Patients tended to plateau in improvement after 8 –10 months, 12 Sahin S, Hindioglu U, Karaduman A. PUVA treatment of vitiligo. a retrospective study of Turkish patients. Int J then repigmentation occurred slowly, in minute increments.
Dermatol 1999; 38: 542–545.
After peak repigmentation, UVB therapy continued with 13 Kim SM, Lee HS, Hann SK. The efficacy of low dose oral additional topical modalities,2,11–13 which have been anecdot- corticosteroids in the treatment of vitiligo patients. Int J ally reported to improve repigmentation, including copper Dermatol 1999; 38: 546 –550.
cream, vitamin C cream, 5% minoxidil solution, high-potency 14 Kim SM, Kim YK, Hann SK. Serum levels of folic acid and steroids, dovonex, tretinoin cream, glycolic acid peels, vitamin B in Korean patients with vitiligo. Yonsei Med J trichloroacetic acid (TCA) peels, tar therapy and UVA, with- 1999; 40: 195–198.
2005 The International Society of Dermatology International Journal of Dermatology 2006, 45, 6 3 –65

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