Marys Medicine

Novatretin.com

What is Psoriasis?
psoriasis is a common, chronic, scaly rash that affects people of all ages (about 2% of the population). there is a genetic predisposition to psoriasis i.e. it tends to run in families. psoriasis is also influenced by many environmental factors. It is not contagious and is not due to an allergy. the most common ages for psoriasis to first appear are in the late teens and in the 50s. It affects men and women equally, although in children, girls are more commonly affected than boys. psoriasis is often so mild it is barely noticed by the affected person, but it can occasionally be so severe the patient must be admitted to hospital for treatment. It may or may not be itchy.
What Does Psoriasis look like?
psoriasis is characterised by red, scaly patches of skin, which usually have very well defined edges. It is often symmetrical, affecting both sides of the body. the scale is typically silvery white. this typical scale may not be so obvious if the psoriasis affects a body fold such as the armpit or the patient is using emollients regularly. then it is more likely to be smooth and shiny. psoriasis is often very minor, causing a few dry patches on the backs of the elbows and knees, some irritation in the umbilicus (belly button) and natal cleft (between the buttocks) or scaling in the scalp. It can, however, affect any area of skin and it may be severe or unusual in appearance. What Causes Psoriasis?
exactly what causes psoriasis is not fully understood but there is a lot of active research into this area. the immune system is involved and appears to be overactive in a way that causes inflammation. specifically, there is excessive production of cell growth compounds. these have many effects, including growth of extra blood vessels within the skin (causing the red colour) and increased turnover of the skin cells (causing the scaling and thickening of the skin). Genetic influences Like many diseases, psoriasis is influenced by inherited characteristics. up to 50% of people with psoriasis will know of another affected family member. patients with a family history of psoriasis tend to develop psoriasis earlier in life than those without a family history. Stress physical and emotional stress may precipitate psoriasis and are hard to avoid. Infection Infections may cause flares of psoriasis. sometimes, treatment of the infection may result in clearing or improvement of the psoriasis. streptococcal throat infections (tonsillitis) may cause guttate psoriasis. Candida infections (thrush) may aggravate flexural psoriasis. malassezia yeasts may have a role in sebopsoriasis. Injury psoriasis localises around the site of physical, chemical, electrical, infective and inflammatory injury as it heals (the Koebner phenomenon). Less often, psoriasis may localise to old scars. Hormones the relationship of hormones to psoriasis is unclear. post-puberty is a peak time for the onset of psoriasis. pregnancy may also have an effect on the severity of the psoriasis; it usually improves with the potential for worsening after the birth of the baby, but the reverse can occur. psoriasis does not affect the unborn baby. Medications several medications can precipitate or aggravate psoriasis: Beta blockers (used to treat high blood pressure) anti-malarials e.g. hydroxychloroquine nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (nsaIds) stopping oral corticosteroids stopping strong topical corticosteroids. Sun and UV Light ultraviolet light can precipitate or aggravate psoriasis.
sunlight is usually beneficial for psoriasis (except in sun sensitive / photosensitive psoriasis). Obesity many psoriasis studies have noted many affected patients to be overweight or obese. recently, it has become clear that the severity of psoriasis is correlated with insulin resistance, a feature of metabolic syndrome. psoriasis is associated with a greater risk of atherosclerosis resulting in ischaemic heart disease (angina and heart attack), stroke and peripheral vascular disease. Alcohol and smoking there is an association between increased alcohol intake and smoking and the development of severe psoriasis. however, whether this is a cause, or effect, is not known. is there a Cure?
there is to date no cure for psoriasis but satisfactory control of the disease is possible for most patients. some people have a single episode of psoriasis that clears after a few months and never recurs, quite likely after acute guttate psoriasis. most other forms of psoriasis run a fluctuating course with periods of marked improvement and even complete clearance, only to relapse at a later time. there may be several years between relapses. a small group of patients have severe, persistent psoriasis that is very difficult to treat and can be very disabling. 1. Topical therapiestreatments that are applied directly to the skin are known as topical therapies. they include creams, ointments, pastes and lotions. If your psoriasis is mild, topical therapies will be the mainstay of your treatment and include the following: emollients. emollients reduce scaling and can be used as often as needed.
salicylic acid. preparations containing salicylic acid can help heavily scaled plaques.
topical steroids. Weaker steroids often do not work very well on thick patches of psoriasis, but
may do better on the face or in the skin folds. the stronger ones have possible side effects, one
of which is to make your skin thinner. Your doctor will monitor their use closely. psoriasis
sometimes comes back quickly when topical steroid treatment stops.
tar preparations. taking a medicated tar bath may help to remove loose scales. tar creams or
ointments help most patients but may be messy and can stain clothing.
vitamin D analogues. there are vitamin d preparations used to treat psoriasis. these are safe,
clean to use and do not stain the skin. treatment is applied twice daily and can go on for as
long as required. Irritation may occur, especially on the face, buttocks and genitals, and these
treatments should be applied to those areas only on the specific instructions of your doctor.
2. Phototherapy this term refers to treatment with various forms of ultraviolet light, sometimes assisted by taking particular tablets. It is helpful if the psoriasis is extensive, or fails to clear with topical treatment, or comes back quickly after seeming to clear. topical therapy will usually continue during the phototherapy. two types of ultraviolet (uV) light may be given, using special machines: uVa and uVB. these are different parts of normal sunlight. treatment with uVa is helped by taking a medication known as a psoralen – a combination known as puVa therapy. treatment with uVB does not need tablets. 3. Oral and Injected Treatmentsthe idea of using a tablet to treat psoriasis is attractive, but the effective ones all have potential risks, so they are not used for psoriasis if it can be kept under control in simpler ways. In addition, you will usually have to continue with some topical therapy even though you are taking the tablets. Your dermatologist will discuss the risks with you if you start on this kind of treatment. all of the tablets may require blood tests, and many interfere with other medicines. female patients should not become pregnant whilst on any tablets for psoriasis, and with some of them it is important that male patients should not father a child.

other than novatretin, the tablets in question include ciclosporin (suppresses the immune system), methotrexate (slows down the rate at which the skin cells are dividing in psoriasis), and hydroxycarbamide (formerly known as hydroxyurea – also slows down the rate at which the skin cells are dividing). there are also several injectable forms of treatment known as "Biologicals" available for extremely severe forms of psoriasis.
Psoriasis of the PalMs aND soles
psoriasis may predominantly affect the palms and soles in various ways: typical scaly, red patches similar to psoriasis elsewhere Generalised thickening and scaling of the palms and soles (keratoderma) sheets of tiny yellow-brown pustules (palmoplantar pustulosis).
Clinical features
palms and soles affected by psoriasis tend to be partially or completely red, dry and thickened,
often with deep painful cracks (fissures). It can be quite hard to differentiate from hand
dermatitis and other forms of keratoderma, but signs of psoriasis elsewhere may help make a
diagnosis.
palmoplantar pustulosis is considered a distinct entity in which there are clusters of pustules on the palms and/or soles, but about 10-20% of those affected have psoriasis on other sites of the body.
palmoplantar psoriasis tends to be a chronic recurrent condition.
treatment
mild psoriasis of the palms and soles may be treated with topical treatments:
emollients: thick, greasy barrier creams applied thinly and frequently to moisturise the dry, scaly skin and help prevent painful cracking.
Keratolytic agents such as urea or salicylic acid to thin down thick scaling skin. several companies market effective heel balms containing these agents.
Coal tar: to improve the scale and inflammation. Because of the mess, coal tar is often applied at night under cotton gloves.
topical steroids: ultrapotent ointment applied initially daily for two to four weeks, if necessary under occlusion, to reduce inflammation, itch and scaling. maintenance use should be confined to 2 days each week (weekend pulses) to avoid thinning the skin and causing the psoriasis to become more extensive.
Calcipotriol ointment is not very successful for palmoplantar psoriasis and may cause an irritant dermatitis on the face if a treated area inadvertently touches it. dithranol is too messy for routine use on hands and feet.
more severe palmoplantar psoriasis usually requires phototherapy or systemic agents, most often: Biologics are also sometimes prescribed for severe palmoplantar psoriasis.

reCoMMeNDeD ego ProDuCts
egoPsoryl ta
Contains (w/w): Coal tar 5%, phenol 0.5%,
sulphur 0.5% in an alcohol gel base.
Benefits: egopsoryl ta helps provide effective
relief from intense itching.
sebitar +
sebitar – Contains (w/w): pine tar 1%, Coal tar
solution 1%, salicylic acid 2%. Benefits: Gentle
formula that relieves itch and inflammation.
aids in the relief of eczema and psoriasis of the
scalp.
sebirinse – Benefits: Conditions the hair,
preventing tangles and dryness. removes any
odours remaining after sebitar treatment.
Pinetarsol
Contains (w/w): Pinetarsol gel – pine tar 1.6%
Pinetarsol – pine tar 2.3%, triethanolamine
lauryl sulfate 6%.
Pinetarsol Bath oil – pine tar 2.3% in an
emollient base.
Pinetarsol Bar – pine tar 1% with a blend of
mild surfactants.
Benefits: help to relieve dry, itchy, inflamed
Contains (w/w): egoderm Cream – Ichthammol
1% in an emollient cream base. egoderm ointment – Ichthammol 1%, Zinc
oxide 15% in a soft paraffin base.
Benefits: reduces inflammation and relieves
irritation.
Dermaid 1%
Contains (w/w): Dermaid 1% (pharmacist
medicine) – hydrocortisone 1% (dissolved). Dermaid 0.5% (pharmacy medicine) –
0.5% Cream
hydrocortisone 0.5% (dissolved). Benefits: for
temporary relief of minor skin irritations.
dissolved hydrocortisone for rapid penetration.
Dermaid soft
Contains (w/w): Dermaid soft 1% (pharmacist
1% Cream or
medicine) – hydrocortisone 1% (dispersed). Dermaid soft
Dermaid soft 0.5% (pharmacy medicine)–
0.5% Cream
hydrocortisone 0.5% (dispersed). Benefits: for
temporary relief of minor skin irritations.
dispersed hydrocortisone for slow penetration.
seCtIon 07
treatInG darIer's dIsease darier disease is also known as ‘keratosis follicularis'. It is a genetic disorder that causes skin changes. onset of skin changes is usually in adolescence and the disease is usually long term. It is inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern, which means that a single gene passed from one parent causes the condition. the chance of a child inheriting the abnormal gene if one parent is affected is 1 in 2 (50%) but not all people with the abnormal gene will develop symptoms of the disease. hoW is it DiagNoseD?
usually darier disease is diagnosed by its appearance and the family history, but it is often mistaken for other skin problems. the symptoms and signs of darier disease vary between individuals. some have very subtle signs that are found only on careful inspection. others have extensive lesions. In an affected person the severity of the disease can fluctuate over time. skiN rash
the skin lesions are greasy, scaly papules (small bumps) which tend to occur over the oily areas of the face (scalp margins, forehead, ears, around the nostrils and sides of nose, eyebrows, and beard area), neck, and central chest and back. the flexures (within natural folds of the skin around joints such as armpits and groins) and skin under breasts and between buttocks are also commonly affected. the papules have a firm, harsh feel like coarse sandpaper and may be skin-coloured, yellow-brown or brown in colour. If several of the small papules grow together they may form larger warty lesions which can become quite smelly within skin folds. the scalp is often affected with a heavily crusted rash which can be similar to seborrhoeic dermatitis but is usually harsher to the touch. other presentations of this disease are common. some patients may have flat, freckle-like lesions. others may have very large, raised, warty lesions. Cystic acne may occur. lesioNs affeCtiNg the MuCous MeMBraNes
mucous membranes are the red, moist linings of all body surfaces except the skin (eg. mouth, oesophagus, rectum, vulva, vagina). patients with darier disease may uncommonly have a white cobblestone pattern or small papules affecting the mucous membranes. overgrowth of the gums is also seen. most patients will develop signs of the disease (even if subtle) before the age of 30 years. many patients will have a mild form of the disease that, although present, will go unnoticed throughout life. patients with more severe disease will notice a chronic relapsing-remitting pattern to their signs and symptoms although cases of spontaneous resolution of signs have been reported. the rash is often exacerbated by sunlight (a reaction which may be delayed eg. on return from holiday), and occasionally by steroid use (although this may be useful for other patients). Bacterial infection can cause flares. Widespread infection of the skin with the herpes simplex (coldsore) virus is a well recognised complication. this can cause a severe flare and patients can feel quite unwell. In most patients general health remains good regardless of the severity of the disease. treatment is required only if there are troublesome symptoms. for patients with mild disease simple moisturisers, sun protection and selection of the right clothing to avoid heat and sweating are usually sufficient. dermabrasion (sanding off the surface of the skin) may be effective in localised disease. Localised darier disease may also be treated successfully with topical retinoids. secondary bacterial infection (usually due to staphylococcus aureus) should be treated with antibiotics, and herpes simplex with antiviral agents. If symptoms are particularly severe then a trial of an oral retinoid medication such as acitretin may be effective. reCoMMeNDeD ego ProDuCts
Qv intensive Body
Qv intensive Moisturising
Qv Bath oil
non-greasy, soap free bath Water-free, highly emollient suitable for dry, itchy skin. oil. suitable for dry or moisturiser that won't sting Leaves a protective, sensitive skin and suitable inflamed or cracked skin. moisturising film on the for infants.
preservative free.
skin. suitable for extremely dry skin. preservative free.
Qv intensive Moisturising
Qv flare up Bath oil
this rich protective cream is dual action formula reduces ideal for very dry areas of suitable for dry, itchy skin. the level of bacteria and Leaves a protective, helps prevent moisture loss. moisturising film on the Calms irritated skin and skin. suitable for extremely reduces roughness and dry skin. preservative free.
sunsense
Benefits: a very high spf broad spectrum
sensitive or
sunscreen for highly sensitive skin. for people sunsense
who cannot use regular sunscreens. fragrance sensitive
and chemical absorber free.
sunsense
Benefits: a very high spf broad spectrum
ultra Milk
sunscreen for general use. Water resistant for 4 hours. fragrance free.
sunsense
Benefits: a very high spf broad spectrum
sport Milk
milk for active / sports people. non-greasy, water-resistant for up to 4 hours.
sunsense
Benefits: a very high spf broad spectrum
sunscreen formulated for the face and neck. Ideal for daily use, helps prevent dryness and sun-induced damage. fragrance free.
sunsense
Benefits: a very high spf broad spectrum
Daily face
sunscreen for daily use. Contains a sheer tint for a matte finish to the skin. fragrance free.
sunsense lip
Benefits: a very high spf broad spectrum
sunscreen for the lips. helps protect lips from burning and drying. fragrance free.
seCtIon 08
manaGInG IChthYosIs What is iChthYosis?
Ichthyosis is characterised by persistently dry, thickened, rough, fish scale skin. there are at least 20 varieties of ichthyosis, including inherited and acquired forms. Ichthyosis vulgaris, accounts for 95% of all ichthyosis cases. Inheritance is autosomal dominant i.e. it is passed from a parent to about half their children. signs and symptoms of ichthyosis vulgaris usually become apparent within the first year of life. acquired ichthyosis is not inherited and occurs for the first time in adulthood. It is usually associated with some general disease, such as underactive thyroid states, sarcoidosis, lymphoma, generalised cancer or hIV infection. It may be provoked by certain medications (such as kava, nicotinic acid and hydroxyurea). What Causes iChthYosis?
Inherited forms of ichthyosis occur as a result of a genetic mutation. the mutated gene causes an abnormality in the normal lifecycle of skin. Whilst in most people, the growth, dying and shedding of skin happens unnoticed, people with ichthyosis reproduce new skin cells at a rate faster than they can shed it, or reproduce at a normal rate but the rate of shedding is too slow. either way there is a build up of dry scaly skin. What are the sigNs aND sYMPtoMs of iChthYosis?
although the signs and symptoms may vary amongst the different types of ichthyosis, they all show the characteristic dry, rough, scaly skin. Key characteristics of the four main types of inherited ichthyosis are listed in the table below. type of ichthyosis Ichthyosis vulgaris face and scalp. the bends of arms and legs usually spared. palms are excessively lined associated with atopic dermatitis Lamellar ichthyosis scaling occurs over the whole body, including creases and bends may result in drooping lower eyelids skin is moist, red, and tender at birth fluid filled blisters may occur which may become infected and give rise to a foul skin odour thick, generalized scaling occurs within a few days pathology shows epidermolytic hyperkeratosis X-linked ichthyosis may be associated with testicular disease How common is ichthyosis and who gets it?apart from ichthyosis vulgaris all other forms of ichthyosis are rare. Ichthyosis vulgaris affects about 1:250 individuals. Ichthyosis occurs worldwide and affects people of all races. What problems does ichthyosis cause?people with ichthyosis have a normal lifespan. however they may need to spend several hours each day caring for their skin so they can lead as much of a normal life as possible. at some point during their life people with severe ichthyosis may come up against some of the following problems: overheating: ichthyosis may affect normal temperature control by reducing the ability to sweat Limited movement: dry, scaly skin may make it too painful to move some parts of the body secondary infection: cracking and splitting of the skin may lead to skin infections and sometimes systemic infections Impaired hearing or eyesight: skin may build up over the ears or eyes What treatment is available?there is no cure for ichthyosis. the main goal of treatment is to moisturise and exfoliate. this helps prevent dryness, scaling, cracking and build-up of skin. people with ichthyosis need to bathe, moisturise and exfoliate their skin on a daily regular basis. Your dermatologist may prescribe or recommend moisturising creams and ointments to keep the condition under control. In severe cases they may prescribe oral retinoids such as acitretin or isotretinoin. this can help to reduce scaling. oral antibiotics may be prescribed if secondary infection occurs. the following skin care tips may help: apply lotions and creams to wet skin to trap in the moisture (within 3 minutes of showering/bathing) rub gently a pumice stone on wet skin to help remove thickened crusty skin Brush washed hair to remove scales from scalp Lanolin creams and products containing urea, lactic acid and other alpha hydroxy acids may help to exfoliate and moisturise skin.
reCoMMeNDeD ego ProDuCts
Qv skin lotion
Qv Bath oil
Light moisturizing a soap substitute non-greasy, soap free lotion to help prevent body wash for daily bath oil. suitable for or relieve dry skin.
use on normal, dry or dry or sensitive skin and suitable for infants.
Qv gentle Wash
Qv Bath oil
this rich protective a very gentle soap non-greasy, soap free cream is ideal for very substitute for dry or bath oil. suitable for dry areas of skin.
sensitive skin.
dry or sensitive skin and suitable for infants.
Moderate
Qv intensive Body
Qv intensive
Qv Bath oil
non-greasy, soap free Water-free, highly bath oil. suitable for emollient moisturiser suitable for dry, itchy dry or sensitive skin that won't sting and suitable for inflamed or cracked skin. preservative free.
moisturising film on the skin. suitable for extremely dry skin. preservative free.
Moderate
Qv intensive
Qv flare up Bath oil
this rich protective dual action formula cream is ideal for very reduces the level of dry areas of skin.
suitable for dry, itchy bacteria and helps prevent moisture loss. Calms irritated skin moisturising film on the skin. suitable for roughness and scaling.
extremely dry skin. preservative free.
Contains (w/w):
Pinetarsol gel –pine
tar 1.6%
Pinetarsol – pine tar
2.3%, triethanolamine
lauryl sulfate 6%.
Pinetarsol Bath oil –
pine tar 2.3% in an
emollient base.
Pinetarsol Bar – pine
tar 1% with a blend of
mild surfactants.
Benefits: help to
relieve dry, itchy,
inflamed skin.
egoderm Cream or
Contains (w/w):
egoderm Cream –
Ichthammol 1% in an
emollient cream base.
egoderm ointment –
Ichthammol 1%, Zinc
oxide 15% in a soft
paraffin base.
Benefits: reduces
inflammation and
relieves irritation.
seCtIon 09
manaGInG paLmopLantar palmoplantar pustulosis is a chronic pustular condition affecting the palms and soles.
What is the cause of palmoplantar pustulosis?
the exact cause of palmoplantar pustulosis is unknown. It appears to be a disorder of the
eccrine sweat glands, which are most numerous on palms and soles.
palmoplantar pustulosis is probably autoimmune in origin (‘self allergy'), as there is an association with other autoimmune diseases particularly gluten sensitive enteropathy (celiac disease), thyroid disease and type 2 diabetes.
palmoplantar pustulosis was previously considered to be a localised form of pustular psoriasis but about 10-20% of patients with palmoplantar pustulosis have psoriasis elsewhere. It is now known that they are distinct conditions with different genetic backgrounds.
Genetic factors account for family members having the disease. however, it rarely occurs before adulthood. It is more common in women than men.
palmoplantar pustulosis is much more common in current smokers (and in those that have smoked in the past). It is thought that activated nicotine receptors in the sweat glands cause an inflammatory process.
dermatitis, particularly pompholyx, and tinea pedis (a fungus infection) may appear similar, but require different treatment. Palmoplantar pustulosis palmoplantar pustulosis presents as crops of sterile pustules occurring on one or both hands and/or feet. they are associated with thickened, scaly, red skin which easily develops painful cracks (fissures).
the condition varies in severity and may persist for many years. It is not known what causes exacerbations or remissions. palmoplantar pustulosis is not infectious to other people and does not influence one's general health. however the discomfort can be considerable, interfering with working and leisure activities.
Walking for prolonged periods may cause exacerbations on the feet. If the palms are involved, manual activities may be uncomfortable, and injuries may aggravate the disorder. Certain occupations are therefore inadvisable for affected individuals.
treatment does not cure the disorder and is not always successful. the following may be helpful.
If you smoke, try to stop: however, palmoplantar pustulosis may take several months to improve.
Choose comfortable footwear made from natural fibres.
avoid friction and minor injuries.
Cover deep fissures with a waterproof dressing.
rest the affected area.
If flares appear related to tonsillitis, consider tonsillectomy.
use plenty of grease or other thick emollient to soften the dry skin to prevent fissures.
soak in warm water with emulsifying ointment for 10 minutes.
apply white soft paraffin liberally use salicylic acid ointment or urea cream (heel balm) to peel off dead skin (may sting).
Wash with bath oil or soap substitute.
topical steroids
topical steroids are anti-inflammatory agents which range in potency and vehicle. only the
strongest ointments are effective in conditions affecting the thick skin of the hands and feet.
however the very potent products such as clobetasol proprionate should be used only for
limited periods or else side effects and loss of efficacy become a problem.
a thin smear should be applied twice daily to the affected area. the effect may be enhanced by using plastic occlusion for a few hours or even overnight – use polythene gloves, plastic bags or cling film. do not use occlusion for more than 5 days in a row.
Coal tar
Crude coal tar is very messy but applied directly to the pustules every five days or so can stop
them occurring. paint on carefully and cover. It can be mixed in an ointment base for easier
application.
acitretin
novatretin capsules, derived from Vitamin a, can control palmoplantar pustulosis in the
majority of users.
Puva
ultraviolet radiation, especially in combination with psoralens taken as tablets or applied
topically (bathwater puVa), can be effective. puVa particularly in combination with novatretin
(re-puVa) can also be effective. Careful medical supervision is necessary to avoid burning.
other
a variety of other medications can help some subjects including:
tetracycline antibiotics Biologics are occasionally effective when used for severe palmoplantar psoriasis.
What is keratoderma?‘Keratoderma' is a term that means marked thickening of the skin. ‘palmoplantar' refers to the skin on the soles of the feet and palms of the hands; these are the areas keratoderma affects most often. palmoplantar keratoderma is also sometimes known as ‘keratosis palmaris et plantaris'. Classification of keratoderma depends on whether or not it is inherited, and its clinical features. diffuse keratodermas affect most of the palms and soles. focal keratodermas mainly affect pressure areas. punctate-type keratodermas result in tiny bumps on the palms and soles. most often the abnormal skin involves only the palms and soles (non-transgradient) but sometimes it extends on to the top of the hands and feet as well (transgradient). In some rare forms of keratoderma, other organs in the body may be affected in addition to the skin, and the keratoderma can be a marker of this internal abnormality. What causes palmoplantar keratoderma?Keratoderma may be inherited (hereditary) or, more commonly, acquired. hereditary keratoderma: the condition runs in families and is passed down from one or both
parent(s) to their children
acquired keratoderma: the condition is not inherited and occurs as a result of a change in the
health or the environment of the affected person
the hereditary keratodermas are caused by a gene abnormality that results in abnormal skin protein (keratin). they may be inherited either by an autosomal dominant or autosomal recessive pattern. autosomal dominant keratodermas are likely to occur in every generation of a family. If one parent is affected there is a 50% chance that each child will be affected. autosomal recessive keratodermas occur less commonly within an affected family. this is because both parents need to pass on an abnormal gene to the child for it to be affected. people with one affected gene only do not have the condition themselves but carry the abnormal gene and are referred to as ‘carriers' of the disease. they may pass on the abnormal gene to their children but the children will only be affected if their other parent also carries an abnormal gene and passes it on to the same child. Treatment of palmoplantar keratodermathe following treatments soften the thickened skin and make it less noticeable. Keratolytics (e.g. 6% salicylic acid in 70% propylene glycol) topical retinoids topical vitamin d ointment (calcipotriol) systemic retinoids (acitretin) reCoMMeNDeD ego ProDuCts
Qv gentle Wash
Qv Bath oil
this rich protective cream is a very gentle soap non-greasy, soap free bath ideal for very dry areas of substitute for dry or oil. suitable for dry or sensitive skin.
sensitive skin and suitable for infants.
Qv intensive Body
Qv intensive Moisturising
Qv Bath oil
non-greasy, soap free bath Water-free, highly emollient suitable for dry, itchy skin. oil. suitable for dry or moisturiser that won't sting Leaves a protective, sensitive skin and suitable inflamed or cracked skin. moisturising film on the preservative free.
skin. suitable for extremely dry skin. preservative free.
Qv intensive Moisturising
Qv flare up Bath oil
dual action formula suitable for dry, itchy skin. reduces the level of Leaves a protective, bacteria and helps prevent moisturising film on the moisture loss. Calms skin. suitable for extremely irritated skin and reduces dry skin. preservative free.
roughness and scaling.
Contains: sodium lactate, lactic
acid. Benefits: rehydrates and
visibly revives rough, dry and
Qv feet heel Balm
cracked heels. exfoliates dead, dry skin.
Dermaid 1% Cream or
Contains (w/w): Dermaid 1% –
Dermaid 0.5% Cream
hydrocortisone 1% (dissolved).
Dermaid 0.5% – hydrocortisone
0.5% (dissolved). Benefits: for
temporary relief of minor skin
irritations. dissolved
hydrocortisone for rapid
penetration.
Dermaid soft 1% Cream
Contains (w/w): Dermaid soft
or Dermaid soft 0.5%
1% – hydrocortisone 1%
(dispersed). Dermaid soft 0.5%
– hydrocortisone 0.5%
(dispersed). Benefits: for
temporary relief of minor skin
irritations. dispersed
hydrocortisone for slow
penetration.
seCtIon 10
Consumer medICIne Do not use NOVATRETIN capsules if the packaging is torn or Acitretin, 10 mg and 25 mg Capsules
shows signs of tampering. In such case, please return it to your pharmacist or talk to your doctor.
What is in this leaflet
You must tell your doctor if: This leaflet answers some of the common questions about • You have allergies to any other medicines, foods, dyes or NOVATRETIN capsules. It does not contain all the information that is known about • You have any other health problems or issues including: NOVATRETIN. It does not take the place of talking to your doctor diabetes, or family members with diabetes, liver disease, or pharmacist.
high triglycerides or cholesterol levels in the blood, or All medicines have risks and benefits. Your doctor has weighed family members with a history of high blood triglycerides or the risks of taking NOVATRETIN against the benefits they expect cholesterol levels it will have for you. If you have any concerns about taking Taking other medicines
NOVATRETIN capsules, ask your doctor or pharmacist.
If you are on any other medicine, including medicine bought Keep this leaflet with the medicine. You may need to read it from a pharmacy, supermarket or health shop, you must tell your doctor. Some medicines may interfere with NOVATRETIN. These include: tetracycline antibiotics (such as Doxine®, Doxy®, What are NOVATRETIN capsules used for
Achromycin® and Minomycin®), phenytoin, the "mini-pill", The active ingredient in NOVATRETIN capsules is acitretin, which a low-dose progestogen oral contraceptive, vitamin A, or belongs to a group of medicines called retinoids. It is very formulations that contain vitamin A. similar to Vitamin A which is obtained from our diet and is vital Your doctor or pharmacist has an entire list of medicines to for the normal growth and development of the body, especially be avoided while taking NOVATRETIN. If you have not told your doctor about any of the above, tell her or him before starting Psoriasis is a skin disease with thickened patches of red skin, NOVATRETIN capsules. Take NOVATRETIN capsules exactly as often with silvery scales. NOVATRETIN is used to treat severe your doctor has prescribed to you.
psoriasis and other severe skin disorders. NOVATRETIN works to return skin to normal when problems with the normal Use in Children
development of the skin are present, as in the case of severe NOVATRETIN capsules should only be taken by children where psoriasis and some other skin disorders.
alternative therapy cannot be used.
You may have been prescribed NOVATRETIN by your doctor for another reason. If you have any questions about why How to take NOVATRETIN capsules
NOVATRETIN has been prescribed for you, ask your doctor.
Always take NOVATRETIN exactly as your doctor or pharmacist NOVATRETIN is only accessible with a doctor's prescription. tells you to. The directions given may differ from information contained in this leaflet.
Before you use NOVATRETIN
How much to take
Do not take NOVATRETIN capsules if: Take NOVATRETIN capsules exactly as your doctor has • You are pregnant or you intend to become pregnant in the prescribed to you. Your doctor will determine exactly how many next 24 months. Any possibility that you may be pregnant NOVATRETIN capsules to take each day for your condition. This must be ruled out by both yourself and your doctor before will be matched especially to your needs and your bodyweight you start taking NOVATRETIN capsules. The result of a and whether you develop any side effects. pregnancy test must be negative when performed within two weeks before beginning NOVATRETIN treatment. The starting dose is usually either 25 mg (1 x 25 mg capsule) or NOVATRETIN is highly teratogenic i.e. there is an extremely 30 mg (3 x 10 mg capsules) per day for 2 to 4 weeks. Your dose high risk of having a baby that is severely deformed. will probably then be adjusted by your doctor when it is known This means you must use effective contraception for one how you respond to NOVATRETIN capsules.
month before, during and 2 years after treatment with The initial signs of improvement may be seen in the first week but, more often, after 2 or 3 weeks. It may take 2 to 3 months • You are breastfeeding. Breastfeeding must stop before until the full effect is seen. Affected skin areas will either peel NOVATRETIN treatment can start. Do not breastfeed while off or steadily clear. Sometimes more redness or itching may taking NOVATRETIN capsules.
be present at first, but this will normally improve as treatment • You have had an allergic reaction to NOVATRETIN capsules, Vitamin A, other retinoids or any ingredients listed in the Ingredients section of this leaflet. How to take it
• You are taking tetracycline antibiotics. These include NOVATRETIN capsules should be swallowed whole with a glass of Doxine®, Doxy®, Achromycin® and Minomycin®. • You are taking vitamin A, or preparations that contain When to take it
• You have severe kidney or liver disease or abnormally high NOVATRETIN capsules should be taken once daily with meals or levels of fat in your blood with a glass of milk. Female patients should wait until the 2nd • You are taking methotrexate.
or 3rd day of their menstrual period before starting NOVATRETIN Do not use NOVATRETIN capsules after the expiry date printed capsules. This helps to ensure that you are not pregnant before on the pack. It may have no effect at all, or worse, an entirely you start to take NOVATRETIN therapy.
unexpected effect if you take it after the expiry date.
How long to take NOVATRETIN
Things you must not do:
Continue taking NOVATRETIN capsules for as long as your doctor • Do not stop taking NOVATRETIN capsules or change the dose without first checking with your doctor.
If you forget to take NOVATRETIN take it as soon as you • Do not let yourself run out of NOVATRETIN capsules over the remember and then go back to taking it as you would normally. weekend or on holidays.
However, if it is nearly time for your next dose, skip the dose • Do not donate blood while taking NOVATRETIN capsules or you missed and take your next dose when you are supposed to. for at least 2 years after stopping treatment.
• Do not use the "mini-pill", a low-dose progestogen oral You should not make up for missing the dose by doubling (two contraceptive, as contraception during treatment.
doses at the same time) the next dose. If you are unsure what • Do not give NOVATRETIN capsules to anyone else, even if to do, consult your doctor or pharmacist. their symptoms seem similar to yours.
If you have issues remembering your dose, consult your • Do not use NOVATRETIN capsules to treat other complaints pharmacist who can offer you some hints.
unless told to by your doctor.
• Do not take any other medicines whether they need a In case of an overdose
prescription or not without first telling your doctor or Immediately, telephone your doctor or the National Poisons and Hazardous Chemicals Information Centre (0800 POISON – 0800 764 766) or go to the Accident and Emergency at your nearest Things to be careful of
hospital immediately if you think that you or anyone else may Normally NOVATRETIN capsules would not affect your ability to have taken too much NOVATRETIN. Do this even if there are no drive a car or operate machinery. However visual disturbances signs of discomfit or poisoning. You may require urgent medical may occur while taking NOVATRETIN capsules. Make sure you know how you react to NOVATRETIN capsules before you drive Currently, no information is available on the effects of overdose a car, operate machinery or do anything else that might be with NOVATRETIN. In spite of this, based on experience with dangerous if your vision is altered.
excessive vitamin A and other drugs similar to NOVATRETIN, Wearing contact lenses during treatment and shortly after signs of overdosage may include transient headache, vomiting, treatment with NOVATRETIN capsules may cause discomfort. flushed face, dry skin and lips, pain in the stomach, dizziness NOVATRETIN capsules cause dry eyes so an eye lubricant, and unco-ordination. You should recover without any after or artificial tears (available from your pharmacist) might be effects but may need some tests to determine if your liver has necessary. Otherwise you might need to compensate by wearing been affected.
your glasses.
Please keep these telephone numbers handy. If you are unsure Avoid excessive sun exposure, and always apply sunscreen while about what to do, ask your doctor or pharmacist.
taking NOVATRETIN capsules. Your skin may be more prone to sunburn while on NOVATRETIN.
While you are taking NOVATRETIN
(Things you must do:)
Side effects
Tell all doctors, dentists and pharmacists who are treating you Tell your doctor or pharmacist as soon as possible if you do not that you are on NOVATRETIN capsules. NOVATRETIN capsules can feel well while taking NOVATRETIN capsules. NOVATRETIN helps cause birth defects. This means that you must use strict birth most people with skin conditions, however in addition to the control for at least 1 month before you start NOVATRETIN, the beneficial effects; it is possible that unwanted side effects will whole time you are using NOVATRETIN capsules and for at least occur in some people during treatment, even when it is used 2 years after you finish taking NOVATRETIN capsules.
as directed. All medicines have side effects. Sometimes they NOVATRETIN treatment should be started on the second or third are serious but most of the time they are not. You may require day of your next normal menstrual period.
medical treatment if you get some of the side effects. Ask your If you become pregnant while taking NOVATRETIN capsules, stop doctor or pharmacist to answer any questions that you may taking it immediately and inform your doctor. You must also tell your doctor immediately if you become pregnant in the 2 years If side effects occur, they may be:
following the end of treatment.
• Dryness of the lips, mouth, nose, eyes and skin. Either a Inform your doctor if, for any reason, you have not taken moisturiser or petroleum jelly can be used to soften the lining this medicine exactly as prescribed. Otherwise, your doctor of the nose, lips and the skin may think this medicine was not effective and change your • thinning or peeling of the skin that was not previously affected (for example, hands and feet) It is critical to keep all of your appointments with your doctor • sticky skin may occur so your progress with NOVATRETIN therapy can be monitored • hair loss sometimes occurs (and in rare cases, has persisted) regularly. Your doctor may ask you to do some blood, liver function and other tests from time to time in order to check your progress and pick up any unwanted side effects. • "redness of the skin" or itchiness Inform your doctor if you take vitamin supplements that contain • flushing.
greater than 2500 IU of Vitamin A. If you are unsure about this, please check with your doctor or pharmacist.
Consumption of alcohol should be avoided during treatment. Alcohol intake should also be avoided for 2 months after finishing treatment with NOVATRETIN.
These side effects will most likely stop after the dose of NOVATRETIN is lowered or stopped. Tell your doctor if you have What it looks like: any of the following side effects and they worry you: NOVATRETIN hard-gelatin capsules can be described as follows: Unusually severe or persistent headaches 10 mg Capsules: Hard gelatin capsule containing a yellow
powder with a white to off-white body and a brown cap printed in black with "A10" on the capsule body.
Tenderness or stiffness in your joints or muscles or bones 25 mg Capsules: Hard gelatin capsule containing a yellow
powder with a yellow to light yellow body and a brown cap printed in black with "A25" on the capsule body.
Active ingredient – acitretin Each 10 mg capsule contains 10 mg acitretin Male breast enlargement Each 25 mg capsule contains 25 mg acitretin maltodextrin, sodium ascorbate, microcrystalline cellulose, gelatin, sodium lauryl sulfate, purified water, black printing ink and the colourants iron oxide black (E172), iron oxide red (E172), Changes in hearing iron oxide yellow (E172) and titanium dioxide.
Irregular menstrual bleeding NOVATRETIN Capsules are available in packs of 100 capsules.
Sore mouth or inflammation of the gums Taste disturbances These side effects are dose related and indicate that the dose of Douglas Pharmaceuticals Ltd NOVATRETIN needs to be adjusted.
Stop taking NOVATRETIN capsules and contact your doctor immediately if you experience any of the following: Nausea, Vomiting, Headache, Blurred vision or visual Phone: (09) 835 0660 This is not an entire list of all possible side effects. Others Date of preparation of this information was July 2011.
may arise in some people and there may be some side effects not yet known. Tell your doctor if you have anything else that is making you unwell. Other side effects not listed above may occur in some people. Consult your doctor or pharmacist if there is anything you do not understand in this list. Do not be alarmed by this list of possible side effects. You may not experience any of them.
After taking NOVATRETIN capsules
Keep your NOVATRETIN capsules in the blister pack until it is time to take them. If you take the capsules out of the packaging they may not keep well. Keep NOVATRETIN capsules in a cool dry place where the temperature stays below 25°C. Do not keep the capsules, or any other medicine, in a bathroom or near a sink.
Do not leave the capsules in the car or on window sills. Both heat and dampness can destroy some medicines. Protect NOVATRETIN capsules from light.
Keep NOVATRETIN where children cannot reach them. A good place to store medicines is in a locked cupboard at least one- and-a-half metres above the ground.
We would like to acknowledge The New Zealand Dermatological If your doctor asks you to stop taking NOVATRETIN, or the Society Inc. in preparation of this booklet and the provision capsules have passed their expiry date, you should return of photographs from Waikato District Health Board and the NZ any remaining capsules at the end of your treatment to your DermNet website. CoNfirMatioN of reCeiPt of iNforMatioN
oN treatMeNt With NovatretiN® (acitretin)
female Patients
I understand that I must not be pregnant in order to start this medicine. I understand that I must not become pregnant while being treated with novatretin and for two years after the end of novatretin treatment.
I understand the risks associated with becoming pregnant while on novatretin as explained by my dermatologist. I am aware that significant harm may be caused to my unborn baby should it be exposed to novatretin during pregnancy.
as a precaution I agree to undergo a pregnancy test if necessary and have my doctor confirm that I am not pregnant immediately before starting treatment with novatretin. I am aware that methods to avoid pregnancy are absolutely essential during my treatment on novatretin. the safest option is an oral contraceptive plus a barrier. If there is any risk that pregnancy may have occurred, I agree to consult my specialist or Gp to discuss the need for emergency contraception.
I agree to avoid the possibility of pregnancy for one month before commencing treatment with novatretin, during the whole period of treatment and for two years after completion of treatment. should I become pregnant, I agree to inform my doctor immediately. all Patients
I understand that I must not give novatretin to any other person. I understand that while novatretin may help my skin, it may cause a number of side effects that have been explained to me. I confirm that I have been fully informed of the above by: Patient or Guardian Signature: Patient's Address:

Source: http://www.novatretin.com/download.cfm/getfile/3